In
entry-exit service work, many people confuse the One-Time Exit &
Entry Permit and Chinese Travel Document. The two documents differ
greatly in issuing authority, validity period, application scenarios
and legal attributes. Improper use will lead to travel delays and
application rejections. Based on official regulations and practical
experience, this article comprehensively sorts out the definition,
applicable crowds, usage rules and common questions of the two
documents, helping everyone select the correct certificate as
required.

在出入境办理场景中，不少市民、境外旅居人员常会混淆一次性出入境通行证与中国旅行证两类证件。二者在签发单位、有效期限、使用范围、法律属性上均有明确区别，选错证件容易耽误行程、造成办理退回。本文结合官方法规与实操案例，全面拆解两类证件的定义、适用人群、使用规范及高频疑问，方便大家结合自身情况正确选择。

One-Time
Exit & Entry Permit

This
type of document is commonly known as the one-time pass, issued by
domestic public security exit-entry authorities. It is designed for
emergency one-way entry or exit demands, with limited functions and a
single use rule.

我们常说的一次性通行证，全称为中华人民共和国出入境通行证（单次有效），由国内公安机关出入境管理部门签发，主打应急单次通行，证件功能相对单一。

Mainland
residents whose passports are expired, lost or damaged and need to
exit the country urgently for medical treatment, business, funeral
and other matters.Hong Kong and Macao residents who have lost or
damaged Mainland Travel Permits and need to return to Hong Kong and
Macao urgently.Border residents, fishing boat crews and other groups
with special travel needs.Special personnel approved by the competent
authorities for one-time entry and exit arrangements.

内地居民护照过期、遗失、损毁，因就医、商务、奔丧等事由急需出境。港澳居民遗失、损毁回乡证，需要紧急返回港澳地区。边民、渔船民等有特殊通行需求的群体。经主管部门批准、需办理单次出入境的特殊身份人员。

2. Key
Usage Rules 证件核心规则

Validity:
Single use only. The document will become invalid immediately after
completing one entry or exit, and cannot be reused.Attribute: It is
only a travel pass, and cannot be used as a long-term identity or
nationality certificate.Supporting materials: It needs to be used
together with relevant supporting documents such as passport loss
reports.

有效期：单次出入境有效，完成一次通行后证件自动失效，不可重复使用。证件属性：仅作为临时通行凭证，无法长期证明个人身份与国籍。配套要求：办理及使用时，一般需搭配护照报失证明等辅助材料。

二、中华人民共和国旅行证
Chinese
Travel Document

The
Chinese Travel Document is an official international travel document
used to replace ordinary passports. It can be issued by Chinese
diplomatic and consular missions abroad or domestic exit-entry
departments, with complete passport-like functions and a wider range
of application scenarios.

中华人民共和国旅行证是官方认定的护照替代类国际旅行证件，可由中国驻外使领馆或国内出入境部门签发，功能趋近于普通护照，适用场景更广。

1. Main
Applicable Scenarios 主要适用场景

Chinese
citizens who have lost, stolen or damaged passports abroad and need
to return to China urgently.Children with nationality conflicts, the
most common user group. Children born abroad who have Chinese
nationality in accordance with Chinese laws while also possessing
foreign nationality, and cannot apply for ordinary passports
temporarily.Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan compatriots who do not hold
corresponding travel documents and need to travel to and from the
Mainland.Chinese citizens who cannot apply for ordinary passports due
to special reasons and have cross-border travel demands.

中国公民在境外遗失、被盗、损毁护照，急需回国。国籍冲突儿童，也是该证件最主流的使用人群。在境外出生，依据中国法律具备中国国籍、同时拥有外国国籍，暂无法申领普通护照的未成年人。未持有对应通行证件、需往返内地的港澳台同胞。因特殊原因无法办理普通护照，存在跨境出行需求的中国公民。

2. Key
Usage Rules 证件核心规则

Validity:
Divided into single entry and multiple entries. For children with
nationality conflicts, it is generally valid for 2 years with
multiple entries.Attribute: It can prove the holder's Chinese
nationality, and can be used for hotel check-in, air ticket booking,
bank business and other scenarios like a passport.Scope of use: Valid
for cross-border travel between most countries and regions.

有效期：分为单次、多次两种形式，面向国籍冲突儿童签发的旅行证，通常为
2
年多次出入境有效。证件属性：可直接证明持证人的中国国籍，和护照效力等同，可用于订机票、入住酒店、办理金融业务等场景。使用范围：可在全球多数国家和地区正常用于跨境出行。

三、两类证件核心区别说明Two
types of ID documents explained.

Issuing
Authority 签发单位

One-Time
Exit & Entry Permit is issued by domestic public security
exit-entry departments.Chinese Travel Document can be issued by
Chinese embassies and consulates abroad as well as domestic
exit-entry departments.

一次性出入境通行证：由国内公安出入境部门签发。中国旅行证：可由中国驻外使领馆、国内出入境部门签发。

Validity
Period 有效规则

One-Time
Exit & Entry Permit is for single use and becomes invalid right
after being used.Chinese Travel Document has two types: single entry
and 2-year multiple entries.

一次性出入境通行证：单次使用，使用后立即作废。中国旅行证：分为单次、2
年多次两种有效形式。

Identity
Function 身份效力

One-Time
Exit & Entry Permit is merely a travel pass and has no effect on
nationality certification.Chinese Travel Document has the same effect
as a passport and can be used to prove nationality.

一次性出入境通行证：仅作为通行凭证，不具备国籍证明效力。中国旅行证：效力等同护照，可用于证明国籍。

Core
Position 核心作用

One-Time
Exit & Entry Permit mainly meets the needs of emergency one-way
entry and exit.Chinese Travel Document acts as a replacement for
ordinary passports to satisfy all kinds of short-term and long-term
cross-border travel demands.

一次性出入境通行证：主要解决紧急单次出入境需求。中国旅行证：作为普通护照的替代证件，满足各类长短途跨境出行需求。

四、高频问答与通用误区提醒
High-Frequency
Q&A & Common Misunderstandings

Q1: If
you lose your passport abroad, which document will the embassy issue?

A:
Chinese diplomatic and consular missions generally issue Chinese
Travel Document, and most of them are single-entry types for
returning to China. In daily communication, some people call it a
one-time pass, which is not the official name. After returning to
China, applicants are advised to re-apply for a formal passport in a
timely manner.

问答
1：在境外丢失护照，使领馆会发放哪类证件？答：境外使领馆一般签发中国旅行证，大多为单次回国有效。日常生活中不少人将其误称作一次性通行证，该说法并不规范。持证人回国后，建议及时补办正式护照。

Q2: Can a
one-time pass be used for round trips?

A:
No. The one-time exit permit is only for leaving China and will
become invalid after exiting. If you need to return, you have to
apply for a new certificate separately.

问答
2：一次性通行证可以往返使用吗？答：不可以。单次出境类通行证仅用于离开我国，出境后即刻失效，如需返程，需要另行办理证件。

Q3: Can
children with nationality conflicts use travel documents permanently?

A:
No. The travel document is a transitional document. It can only solve
the travel problem, but cannot handle schooling, settlement, social
security, real estate and other lifelong affairs. It is suggested to
sort out the nationality status of children as early as possible to
avoid troubles in the follow-up work.

问答
3：国籍冲突儿童可以长期依靠旅行证吗？答：不可以。旅行证属于过渡性证件，仅能解决出入境通行问题，无法办理入学、定居、社保、不动产等长期事务。建议家长尽早梳理孩子的身份信息，减少后续隐患。

Common
Misunderstandings 通用误区提醒

Do
not equate the single-entry travel document issued by overseas
embassies with the domestic one-time pass, as the two are different
in nature.For children with nationality conflicts, do not delay the
confirmation of nationality status for a long time due to the
convenience of travel documents.Any expired travel certificate or
pass will not be accepted by the exit-entry authorities.

切勿将境外使领馆签发的单次旅行证，等同于国内办理的一次性通行证，二者性质不同。针对国籍冲突儿童，不要因旅行证出行便利，长期拖延身份认定相关工作。两类证件一旦过期，出入境部门均不予受理使用。