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常用英语词汇:crumble

To crumble is to come apart into tiny pieces. If the doughnu

To crumble is to come apart into tiny pieces. If the doughnuts you bring to work crumble before you get there, you co-workers will have nothing but crumbs to snack on.

Baked goods seem to crumble easily, but other things tend to crumble too: old houses, over time; sand castles; fragile ruins; and art objects made from clay. Anything that falls apart, especially into small bits, can be said to crumble. The root of the word is the Old English gecrymman, "to break into crumbs," which in turn comes from cruma, "crumb or fragment."

物理层面:弄碎、崩塌

这是最直观的用法。既可以指你主动把东西捏碎(及物动词),也可以指老旧的建筑物或岩石因为风化而自然剥落、坍塌(不及物动词)。

动作(及物): 指用手把干燥易碎的东西(如面包、饼干、奶酪)弄成碎屑。例句: She crumbled the bread into the soup.(她把面包捏碎放进汤里。)状态(不及物): 指建筑物、墙壁等因年久失修而“ crumbling”( crumbling 是它的形容词形式)。例句: The old castle walls are starting to crumble.(古堡的墙壁开始剥落崩塌了。)

抽象层面:崩溃、瓦解

这是高阶英语中非常高频的用法。当你想表达某种强大的体系、关系或希望逐渐失去力量、走向终结时,用 crumble 比用 fail 或 break 更有画面感,因为它暗示了一种“像灰尘一样慢慢散落”的过程。

常见搭配:Economy crumbles:经济崩溃Empire/Regime crumbles:帝国/政权瓦解Marriage/Relationship crumbles:婚姻/关系破裂Hopes crumble:希望破灭例句: Their marriage crumbled after only a few years.(他们的婚姻仅仅维持了几年就破裂了。)

美食层面:一种英式甜点

如果你在菜单上看到这个词,它指的不是“碎屑”,而是一道经典的英式甜点——酥皮水果点心。

做法: 底部是水果(如苹果、浆果),上面铺一层由面粉、黄油和糖混合搓成的“酥粒”

(crumb),烤得热热的吃。

美式英语: 在美国,类似的东西通常叫 Crisp,但在英国和英联邦国家,它就叫 Crumble。经典菜名: Apple crumble (苹果酥皮点心)。

两个实用的习语That's the way the cookie crumbles含义: 事情就是这样(通常指不如意的事);事已至此,无法改变。用法: 当朋友遇到倒霉事安慰他时可以用。例句: I didn't get the job, but that's the way the cookie crumbles.(我没得到那份工作,但这就是命/事已至此。)Crumble to dust含义: 化为乌有;彻底毁灭。例句: All his plans crumbled to dust.(他所有的计划都化为泡影了。)