metaphor
英 ['metəfə(r)] 美 ['metəfər]
n.象征；隐喻
CET6 考研 IELTS TOEFL GRE GMAT
◉Etymology
“Metaphor” 这个单词的词源可以追溯到古希腊语中的 “metaphora”，意为 “转喻、隐喻”，由 “meta”（超越、在…之外）和 “pherein”（带来、传递）构成。在英语中，“metaphor” 通常用来指一种修辞手法，通过将一个词或短语与另一个不同但有某种联系的词或短语相比较，来产生意义上的隐喻或比喻。
◉外刊例句
① I realized how the sport provides a perfect metaphor for how to navigate leadership and life. Forbes(Dec 31, 2014)
我意识到这项运动为如何驾驭领导和生活提供了一个完美的比喻。
② Keaton’s bemusement in “Birdman” turned out to be an apt metaphor for a film industry caught between the lures and snares of technological progress. Washington Post(Dec 30, 2014)
事实证明，基顿在《鸟人》中的困惑是一个恰当的比喻，用来形容陷入技术进步的诱惑和陷阱之间的电影业。
◉Usage Examples
(1) In poetry the rose is often a metaphor for love.
(2) She has a striking originality in her use of metaphor.
(3) Then you only need to learn one metaphor.
(4) Let us distinguish the various types of metaphor.
(1) 玫瑰在诗中通常作为爱的象征。
(2) 她在运用隐喻方面有独创性。
(3) 然后你只需要学习一个隐喻。
(4) 让我们把各种隐喻分类。
◉Usage Notes
If you brag that "the world's your oyster," you're using a metaphor from Shakespeare, who knew a thing or two about figures of speech.
Good writers know their way around a metaphor, where you make an analogy between two things to show how one resembles the other in some way. When a character from Shakespeare calls the world his oyster, that's his boastful way of saying that all the riches of the world are his for the taking, like plucking a pearl from an oyster shell. Shakespeare also wrote, "All the world's a stage." Oyster? Stage? Come on, Will, get your metaphors straight!
◉Colins
1. [N-VAR 可变名词]隐喻；暗喻；比喻的说法 A metaphor is an imaginative way of describing something by referring to something else which is the same in a particular way. For example, if you want to say that someone is very shy and frightened of things, you might say that they are a mouse.
① ...the avoidance of 'violent expressions and metaphors' like 'kill two birds with one stone'.
避免使用“有暴力意味的表达和隐喻”，例如“一石二鸟”
② ...the writer's use of metaphor.
作者对隐喻的运用
2. [N-VAR 可变名词]象征；标志 If one thing is a metaphor for another, it is intended or regarded as a symbol of it. [oft N for n]
The divided family remains a powerful metaphor for a society that continued to tear itself apart.
破碎的家庭仍旧是一个继续分崩离析的社会的有力象征。
3. [PHRASE 短语]混合(使用)隐喻(指同时运用两个矛盾的隐喻) If you mix your metaphors, you use two conflicting metaphors. People do this accidentally, or sometimes deliberately as a joke. [V inflects]
① To mix yet more metaphors, you were trying to run before you could walk, and I've clipped your wings...
混用更多的隐喻来说，你还没学会走就想跑，而我又剪掉了你的翅膀。
② Despite the mixed metaphor, there is some truth in this judgement.
尽管有混用的比喻，这个判断还是有些道理的。
