pluck
英 [plʌk] 美 [plʌk]
v.摘；猛拉；拔；拨弹（乐器）n.猛拉；勇气；动物内脏
◉Etymology
"Pluck" 作为动词，最早见于中古英语中的 "plukken"，意为从表面上拔出某物，尤其是头发或羽毛，但也包括牙齿。它可能源自一个未被记录的高卢-罗马语或俚语拉丁语 "piluccare"，最终源自拉丁语 "pilare" "拔出头发"，来自 "pilus" "头发"。作为名词，"pluck" 表示勇气或胆量，最初出现在拳击术语中，是从早期的“心脏，内脏”的意思演变而来 。
◉外刊例句
① 《纽约时报》 (The New York Times), 2024年5月15日
“Despite the initial setbacks, the entrepreneur’s pluck and perseverance helped turn the startup into a thriving business.”
“尽管最初遇到了挫折，这位企业家的勇气和毅力帮助将初创公司发展成了一个蓬勃发展的企业。”
② 《金融时报》 (Financial Times), 2023年11月30日
“The artist’s latest work shows remarkable pluck in its unconventional approach and bold use of color.”
“这位艺术家的最新作品在其非传统的方法和大胆的色彩使用上展现了显著的勇
◉经典名著
在查尔斯·狄更斯的《大卫·科波菲尔》（David Copperfield）中，“pluck” 描述了角色的坚韧精神：
“David Copperfield’s journey through adversity was marked by his relentless pluck and determination to succeed.”
“大卫·科波菲尔在困境中的历程以他的不懈勇气和成功决心为标志。”
◉Usage Examples
(1) He plucked a rose for his lover.
(2) A stranger plucked at my sleeve as I was leaving.
(3) When you kill a chicken to eat, you have to pluck it.
(4) He felt a pluck on the fishing line
(5) She showed a lot of pluck in dealing with the intruders.
(6) He showed a lot of pluck to leave a safe job and set up his own business.
(7) He couldn't pluck up enough courage to ask her to go out with him.
(1) 他为情人摘了一朵玫瑰花。
(2) 我刚要离去，一个陌生人拽我的袖子。
(3) 当你杀鸡吃时，你得拔去鸡毛。
(4) 他感到鱼钩拉了一下。
(5) 她对付那些闯入的歹徒表现得十分勇敢。
(6) 他放弃了一份安定的工作而自己创业，表现出了极大的勇气。
(7) 他不能鼓起足够的勇气请她一起外出。
◉Usage Notes
To pluck is to pick or pull a single item out of many, like a flower or a hair. As a noun, pluck is energy or enthusiasm, even when things are looking grim.
Don't pluck only the best cherries off the tree: that's cherry-picking! Before you cook a goose, you need to pluck its feathers. If it looks like your goose is cooked, however, then show some pluck, and figure out a way to save yourself. Some characters who are famous for showing pluck include the Artful Dodger, Little Orphan Annie, and Benji the dog. They all kept their chins up and kept on trying, even when things looked really dark.
◉Colins
1. [VERB 动词]采；摘 If you pluck a fruit, flower, or leaf, you take it between your fingers and pull it in order to remove it from its stalk where it is growing. [V n from n] [V n] [WRITTEN 笔语]
I plucked a lemon from the tree...
我从树上采了一个柠檬。
He plucked a stalk of dried fennel.
他摘掉了干茴香的梗。
2. [VERB 动词]拔；拉；抽；扯 If you pluck something from somewhere, you take it between your fingers and pull it sharply from where it is. [V n from/outof/off n] [WRITTEN 笔语]
He plucked the cigarette from his mouth and tossed it out into the street...
他从嘴里抽出香烟，把它扔到街上。
He plucked the baby out of my arms...
他从我怀里夺过宝宝。
He plucks Brazil nuts off the ground and tosses them into the basket.
他从地上抓起巴西坚果，扔到篮子里。
3. [VERB 动词]弹，拨（乐器） If you pluck a guitar or other musical instrument, you pull the strings with your fingers and let them go, so that they make a sound. [V n]
Nell was plucking a harp.
内尔在弹奏竖琴。
4. [VERB 动词]拔除（鸡或其他死禽）的毛 If you pluck a chicken or other dead bird, you pull its feathers out to prepare it for cooking. [V n]
She looked relaxed as she plucked a chicken.
她拔鸡毛时看上去很轻松。
5. [VERB 动词]（用镊子）拔，修（眉毛） If a woman plucks her eyebrows, she pulls out some of the hairs using tweezers. [V n]
You've plucked your eyebrows at last!
你终于修了眉毛！
6. [VERB 动词]挖掘；使一跃成名 If someone unknown is given an important job or role and quickly becomes famous because of it, you can say that they have been plucked from obscurity or plucked from an unimportant position. [be V-ed from n] [V n from n] [usu passive] [WRITTEN 笔语]
She was plucked from the corps de ballet to take on Juliet...
她从芭蕾舞团的伴舞队中被挖掘出来，担任朱丽叶这一角色。
The agency plucked Naomi from obscurity and turned her into one of the world's top models.
这个经纪公司挖掘了默默无闻的娜奥米，并把她打造成了世界顶尖模特。
7. [VERB 动词]把…（从险境中）救起 If someone is rescued from a dangerous situation, you can say that they are plucked from it or are plucked to safety. [be V-ed from n] [be V-ed to n] [usu passive]
A workman was plucked from the roof of a burning power station by a police helicopter...
一名工人被警用直升机从着火电站的屋顶上救了出来。
Ten fishermen were plucked to safety from life-rafts.
10名渔夫从救生筏上被救到了安全处。
8. [N-UNCOUNT 不可数名词]勇气；胆量；决心 If you say that someone has pluck, you mean that they show courage and determination when they are in a difficult or frightening situation. [approval]
Little companies are known for their pluck and perseverance, even in the face of a recession.
小公司的勇气和坚毅是出了名的，即使面对经济衰退也是如此。
9. [PHRASE 短语]鼓起勇气 If you pluck up the courage to do something that you feel nervous about, you make an effort to be brave enough to do it. [V inflects]
It took me about two hours to pluck up courage to call.
我用了大约2个小时才鼓起勇气打电话。
10. [PHRASE 短语]脱口而出；随意说出 If you say that someone plucks a figure, name, or date out of the air, you mean that they say it without thinking much about it before they speak. [V inflects]
Is this just a figure she plucked out of the air?
这是否仅仅是她随口说出的数字？
