hew
英 [hjuː] 美 [hjuː]
v.砍；劈；砍倒；砍成；固守；开辟 abbr.(美)卫生、教育及福利部(=Department of Health；Education；and Welfare)
◉词源
源自古英语 hēawan（砍、劈、打击），来自原始日耳曼语 hawwanan，进一步追溯到印欧语根 kau-（打击、砍伐）。原指用斧头砍伐木材或石头，后19世纪晚期发展出比喻义“hew to”（严格遵守、紧跟）。
◉外刊例句
① 《The New York Times》，2020
The recipes will not plunder your Sichuan larder as they hew closely to the traditions of Guandong Province.
这些食谱不会耗尽你的四川调料柜，因为它们严格遵循广东传统。
② 《The New York Times》，2025
Republicans are fighting among themselves over how closely to hew to the Trump administration’s spending targets.
共和党人内部就如何严格遵循特朗普政府的支出目标而争斗。
◉经典名著
They hewed logs to build a cabin.
他们砍伐原木建造小屋。
The statues were hewn out of solid rock. Victor Hugo, The Hunchback of Notre-Dame, 1831，
这些雕像从整块岩石中凿出。
◉ Usage Examples
(1) He knew better than to attempt to hew rocks with razor.
(2) He was told not to hew down that ancient tree.
(3) He hewed a canoe out of a tree trunk.
(4) Every student must hew to the rules and regulations of the college.
(5) They hewed their way through the dense jungle.
(1) 他知道刀片不能劈石头。
(2) 他被告之不要砍倒那棵古树。
(3) 他把一根树干凿成独木舟。
(4) 每个学生都要遵守学校的规章制度。
(5) 他们在浓密的丛林里开辟出一条路来。
◉ Usage Notes
If you're a lumberjack, the word hew is nothing new. You hew things every day with one swift swing of the axe, chopping and shaping wood.
It's said that Paul Bunyan hewed the Grand Canyon by dragging his giant mythical axe behind him. But usually things are hewn with a little more purpose — with each chop and cut designed to shape, sculpt, or craft a final product. Take the axe out of the picture though, and this word takes on a different meaning. If you're trying to adhere to rules, stick to a budget, or conform to a certain tradition, you can use hew, too.
◉柯林斯词典
1. [VERB 动词]砍；劈 If you hew stone or wood, you cut it, for example with an axe. [V n] [OLD-FASHIONED 过时]
He felled, peeled and hewed his own timber.
他自己砍树、剥皮、劈成木材。
2. [VERB 动词]See also:rough-hewn；（在岩石或木材上）砍成，劈出 If something is hewn from stone or wood, it is cut from stone or wood. [be V-ed from/out of n] [V-ed] [usu passive] [LITERARY 文] [OLD-FASHIONED 过时]
...the rock from which the lower chambers and subterranean passageways have been hewn.
开凿出下闸室和地下通道的岩石
...medieval monasteries hewn out of the rockface.
在岩壁上凿出的中世纪修道院
